Speak、Say、Tell、Talk

以下是 "speak"、"say"、"tell"、"talk" 四個常見的動詞的用法差異、例句，以及表格整理與練習題，幫助你全面理解

Part 2

✅ 四個動詞的基本差異：

動詞	意思/用法	是否需要對象	常見搭配	例句
say	說出某句話 / 強調內容	❌不需要（如需對象，用 to）	say something / say to someone	She said she was tired. He said to me that he was leaving.
tell	告訴某人某事 / 強調對象	✅需要（直接加人）	tell someone something	He told me the truth. Tell her to call me.
speak	講話（正式、語言能力）/ 強調語言或發言行為	❌通常不直接加人（用 to/with）	speak to/with someone / speak a language	She spoke to the teacher. I can speak French.
talk	講話（口語、雙向互動）/ 強調聊天	❌通常不直接加人（用 to/with）	talk to/with someone / talk about something	We talked about our plans. He’s talking to his friend.

📌 詳細比較說明：

動詞	詳細說明	常見錯誤
say	通常用於「說什麼話」，後面接「說的內容」	❌不能直接接人（要加 to）例：He said me ❌ → He said to me ✅
tell	一定要有「對象（人）」，後面可以再加說的內容	❌Tell 不加 to。例：He told to me ❌ → He told me ✅
speak	比較正式，多用於演講、語言等場合	speak 後不直接加人，需用 to/with
talk	較口語化，強調雙向對話或輕鬆聊天	talk 後也不直接加人，需用 to/with

🧠 測驗時間（選擇題）

請根據語意選出正確的動詞填空：

She ___ me that she would be late.
A. said
B. told
C. spoke
D. talked
He ___ French very well.
A. tells
B. says
C. talks
D. speaks
I want to ___ to you about something important.
A. speak
B. say
C. tell
D. talk
They ___ they didn’t understand the question.
A. told
B. talked
C. said
D. spoke
Please ___ him to call me.
A. speak
B. say
C. tell
D. talk

測驗題解答與解析：

1. She ___ me that she would be late.

✅ B. told

解析：需要有「對象（me）」且有說的內容，用 tell。
✨ tell + 人 + that 子句。

2. He ___ French very well.

✅ D. speaks

解析：談論語言能力時用 speak。
❌ say/tell/talk 不用來表示「會說某語言」。

3. I want to ___ to you about something important.

✅ A. speak 或 D. talk（兩者都可）

解析：都可用於「談論某事」，但語氣不同：

speak：較正式

talk：較口語
正確答案依語氣而定，這裡若選正式，選 A；若選口語，選 D

4. They ___ they didn’t understand the question.

✅ C. said

解析：後面接說的「內容」，使用 say。
✨ say + that 子句。

5. Please ___ him to call me.

✅ C. tell

解析：請某人做某事，用 tell。
✨ tell + 人 + to + 原形動詞。
❌ say 不可接人直接做動作。

🎯 進階練習題（挑戰看看！）

請選出正確的動詞，填入空格：

My parents always ___ me to be honest.
He didn’t ___ anything during the meeting.
I’ll ___ to my boss about the problem tomorrow.
Can you ___ me where the station is?
They ___ in public for the first time last night.

✅ 進階練習題解答與解析：

1. My parents always ___ me to be honest.

✅ tell

解析：有「對象 me」並要求我做某事（to be honest），用 tell + 人 + to + 原形動詞。

2. He didn’t ___ anything during the meeting.

✅ say

解析：重點是「他沒說任何話」＝沒有內容，用 say。
✨ say + something / nothing / a few words…

3. I’ll ___ to my boss about the problem tomorrow.

✅ talk

解析：這裡是「談話、討論問題」，而且是較日常的互動，用 talk to。
✨ talk to someone about something。

4. Can you ___ me where the station is?

✅ tell

解析：要別人「告訴我」某事（地點），用 tell + 人 + 資訊。
❌ say 不可直接加人。

5. They ___ in public for the first time last night.

✅ spoke

解析：在公開場合發言，用 spoke in public，比 talked 更正式、更常見於這種語境。

🧠 小總結（超簡表）

用法類型	建議用法	範例
說某句話（內容）	say	She said, “I’m tired.”
告訴某人某事	tell	He told me the news.
表示語言能力 / 正式發言	speak	She speaks English well.
聊天、交談（口語）	talk	We talked about our trip.

Basic Differences between "say", "tell", "speak", and "talk":

Verb	Meaning / Usage	Needs an object?	Common Collocations	Example Sentences
say	To express something / Focus on what is said	❌ No (use to if there's a listener)	say something / say to someone	She said she was tired. He said to me that he was leaving.
tell	To tell someone something / Focus on the receiver	✅ Yes (add person directly)	tell someone something	He told me the truth. Tell her to call me.
speak	To speak (formal, language ability) / Focus on the act	❌ No (use to/with someone)	speak to/with someone / speak a language	She spoke to the teacher. I can speak French.
talk	To talk (informal, two-way interaction) / Focus on chatting	❌ No (use to/with)	talk to/with someone / talk about something	We talked about our plans. He’s talking to his friend.

📌 Detailed Explanation and Common Mistakes:

Verb	Detailed Explanation	Common Mistakes
say	Used to express what someone says. Followed by the content.	❌ Cannot directly add a person. Wrong: He said me ❌ Correct: He said to me ✅
tell	Must have a person as the object. Can include the message.	❌ Don't use to with tell. Wrong: He told to me ❌ Correct: He told me ✅
speak	More formal; used for public speaking or language ability.	❌ Don’t follow directly with a person. Use to/with.
talk	More casual and conversational. Often used for informal interaction.	❌ Don’t follow directly with a person. Use to/with.

🧠 Quiz: Choose the correct verb

Choose the correct word: say, tell, speak, talk

She ___ me that she would be late.
A. said
B. told
C. spoke
D. talked
He ___ French very well.
A. tells
B. says
C. talks
D. speaks
I want to ___ to you about something important.
A. speak
B. say
C. tell
D. talk
They ___ they didn’t understand the question.
A. told
B. talked
C. said
D. spoke
Please ___ him to call me.
A. speak
B. say
C. tell
D. talk

✅ Quiz Answers and Explanation:

B. told

Needs a person (me) and a message → use tell.
D. speaks

Talking about language ability → use speak.
A. speak or D. talk

Both are correct depending on tone: speak is formal, talk is informal.
C. said

Focusing on what they said → use say.
C. tell

Asking someone to do something → tell + person + to + verb.

🎯 Advanced Practice (Fill in the blank)